PCOS

What is PCOS?

PCOS, or polycystic ovary syndrome, is a common hormonal disorder that affects women during their reproductive years. An estimated 5-10% of women have PCOS, making it one of the most prevalent endocrine disorders among women of childbearing age.

PCOS is characterized by three main features:

• Irregular or absent menstrual cycles - Women with PCOS often have infrequent, irregular, or prolonged menstrual periods. Some women don't ovulate or experience periods at all.


• Excess androgen levels - Women with PCOS tend to have higher than normal levels of androgens like testosterone. This can cause symptoms like facial hair growth, acne, and male-pattern baldness.


• Polycystic ovaries - PCOS causes the ovaries to become enlarged and contain small fluid-filled sacs called follicles. The word "polycystic" means "many cysts."

While the exact cause of PCOS is unknown, it often runs in families and is linked to insulin resistance. Insulin resistance causes the body to produce more insulin to help shuttle sugar into cells. Excess insulin can further exacerbate PCOS symptoms.

PCOS signs and symptoms usually begin around the time of the first menstrual period. However, the disorder can develop later on, following substantial weight gain.

Diagnosing PCOS involves a physical exam, blood tests to measure hormone levels, and possibly an ultrasound to examine the ovaries.

In summary, PCOS is a common hormonal disorder characterized by irregular periods, excess androgens, and polycystic ovaries. While challenging to live with, symptoms can often be improved through healthy lifestyle habits and management of underlying metabolic issues. Specialist care from clinics like Hormone Harmony can also make a big difference.